The collector's reference library by Brandes Autographs

Is it real?

Look closer. Collect wiser.

Compare documented autopens, pre-prints, stamps, secretarial examples and known forgery patterns before you buy.

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One example raises a question.
A second can reveal the pattern.

Discuss unconfirmed cases, compare observations and help collectors find matching examples. Every case and reply is reviewed before publication.

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Reference archive

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Compare the pattern.

These examples help you recognise production methods and recurring warning signs. They do not replace an examination of the complete object.

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From the Brandes Autographs journal

Read. Compare. Collect with confidence.

Selected articles add practical context to the individual reference records — from recognising mechanical signatures to the history and enduring fascination of collecting.

01 · Authentication guideHow to recognise autograph forgeriesStamps, pre-prints, secretarial signatures and Autopen warning signs. 02 · Collector historyThe history of autograph collectingFrom ancient seals and friendship albums to the modern collector market. 03 · Putin signature studyReal or double? A deception is uncoveredA documented signature comparison with a separate graphological examination. 04 · Matching examplesElizabeth Taylor Autopen examplesHow a second line-for-line match changes the assessment of an autograph. 05 · Buying & provenanceAutographs as an alternative investmentComparison material, provenance and the questions to ask before buying. 06 · Collector perspectiveThe timeless joy of vintage autographsWhy original handwriting remains a tangible connection to history.

Official public records

Documented forgery cases

U.S. Department of Justice · 2025Fake celebrity memorabilia and bogus certificatesU.S. Department of Justice · 2024Forged artist attribution and counterfeit woodcutsFederal Bureau of InvestigationOperation Bullpen: forged Babe Ruth baseballs

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Share two matching examples.

Whenever possible, submit two examples that demonstrate the same signature was mechanically reproduced. Contributions are reviewed before publication.